GREAT SCIENTISTS OF WORLD - JOHANNES KEPLER

Johannes Kepler, (born December 27, 1571, Weil der Stadt, Württemberg [Germany]—died November 15, 1630, Regensburg), German astronomer who discovered three major laws of planetary motion, conventionally designated as follows:

Three, Kepler's laws that is, of planetary motion: 1) every planet's orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at a focus; 2) a line joining the Sun and a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times; and 3) the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit .

Kepler 's Laws have been used to predict the orbits of many objects such as asteroids and comets , and were pivotal in the discovery of dark matter in the Milky Way.

Violations of Kepler's laws have been used to explore more sophisticated models of gravity, such as general relativity.

Kepler discovered that planets moved faster when they were closer to the Sun.

Kepler played a key role in the scientific revolution that occurred in the 17th century, contributing a number of scientific breakthroughs including his famous laws of planetary motion

Kepler is best known for his three laws of planetary motion. These laws are: Planets move in orbits shaped like an ellipse. A line between a planet and the Sun covers equal areas in equal times. How long a planet takes to go around the Sun is related to the radius of the planet's orbit.

Using the precise data that Tycho had collected, Kepler discovered that the orbit of Mars was an ellipse. In 1609 he published Astronomia Nova, delineating his discoveries, which are now called Kepler's s first two laws of planetary motion.

In addition to astronomy, Kepler was also interested in optics. He explained how a telescope works, how refraction occurs in our eyes, and the phenomenon of depth perception, that is, how both eyes are needed to perceive the third dimension. He also explained how eyeglass lenses compensate for the distortions that are caused by poor vision, forming the scientific basis of today’s practice of vision correction.

He was the first to determine that refraction drives vision in the eye, and that using two eyes enables depth perception.

Kepler's book Astronomia Pars Optica, for which he earned the title of founder of modern optics, he was the first to discover many of the common theories of optics.

Johannes Kepler and his laws were a great influence on Isaac Newton. Newton came up with a law of gravity, which states that masses attract each other with a force inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Newton used his laws of gravity and motion to derive Kepler's laws and show that the motion of the planets could be explained using mathematics and physics.

Kepler married the 24-year-old Susanna Reuttinger. Following the death of his first .wife Barbara,

After contracting a fever, Johannes Kepler died on November 15, 1630, in Regensburg, in the duchy of Bavaria, now in Germany. ... His grave was destroyed only a few years after his death during the Thirty Years' War.