Alexei Maximovich Peshkov ( Russian : Алексе́й Макси́мович Пешко́в or Пе́шков; 28 March [O.S. 16 March] 1868 – 18 June 1936), primarily known as Maxim Gorky ( Russian : Макси́м Го́рький), was a Russian and Soviet writer, a founder of the socialist realism literary method, and a political activist. , Russian short-story writer and novelist who first attracted attention with his naturalistic and sympathetic stories of tramps and social outcasts . He was given Order of Lenin award . He was also a five-time nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature. From 1898—when he was thirty—until his mysterious death in Stalin's Russia, Gorki was the most famous , the most embattled of the Russian novelists, both in Russia and in the outside world. He was a symbol of the Russian turmoil, and like all symbols had the strength of being open to many interpretations. Maxim Gorky was revered as the leading Russian artist and intellectual associated with the 1917 Revol