THE
brain is made up of two halves.Different areas of the
brain have different functions.All nerve cells in the brain ,
about 100.billion of them are connected to one another and
transmit information.This network of nerve cells is expanded
through learning and training. Our brain controls our actions
, regulates our sleep and allows us to feel sensations like
pain and joy.If it is damaged ,due to stroke or some other
reason ,one has to relearn a lot of things like speaking,
walking,or eating.
NERVE CELLS TRANSMIT SIGNALS.This process is quite complicated.Like other cells ,nerve cells also have a cell body with a nucleus .These are fine extended branches known as dendrites and a long tail called axon on the body of the nerve cells.Axon in the brain are smaller than 1mm, whereas in the spinal cord they can be as long as 1 m.A chemical substance is released through an electrical impluse into the synapses present at the end of the axon.This chemical substance , known as the neurotransmitter,is transferred to the dendrite of another nerve cell and the signals are transmitted .
WHY DO WE FEEL PAIN.-PAIN is a warning signal telling us that there is some danger threatening our health.We feel pain through specific receptors, the sensors, in the skin.These can be also found in the organs and the periosteum.
Our body has two brain system , a fast one and a slow one.If our hand touches a hot object , we withdraws it instinctively without even thinking.This is the fast pain system in action.However the pain that comes latter due to the burning skin or a blister , is transmitted by the slow pain system to the brain.
MEMORY -It is the store of things learned and retained from our activity or experience .Our memory is a collection of knowledge ,experiences,impressions, skills, habits, and many other things.It give us ability to learn and adapt from previous experiences as well as to build relationships.It has a lifelong storage capacity, and no computer of the world can match its performance .Short term memory is the information that we are currently thinking of and it last only few second .Important things, which we have experienced and would not like to forget are transferred from short- term memory to long term memory.
WHAT IS A STROKE- A STROKE is a serious medical condition occurring as a result of an interruption in the supply of oxygen to the brain .The most frequent reason for a stroke is the blockage or busting of a blood vessel in the brain.In both the cases ,the blood circulation and hence the supply of oxygen to the brain is interrupted .The result is damage brain tissue .Stroke patients may lose all information that was stored in the damaged area and have to learn simple things ,like walking, swallowing , or writing .Sometimes ,the brain can build new connections between the brain cells and repair the damage.
SLEEP-OUR body needs sleep to rest and recover .If the sleep is inadequate ,performance of body and brain goes down.One becomes irritable and cannot concentrate..After ,several days of inadequate sleep ,one may start hallucinating.
The duration of sleep needed depends on the person and the age.While most the babies sleep for more than 12 hours a day.,some old people need only 5-6 hours of sleep.
STRUCTURE OF BRAIN
DENDRITES
NERVE CELLS TRANSMIT SIGNALS.This process is quite complicated.Like other cells ,nerve cells also have a cell body with a nucleus .These are fine extended branches known as dendrites and a long tail called axon on the body of the nerve cells.Axon in the brain are smaller than 1mm, whereas in the spinal cord they can be as long as 1 m.A chemical substance is released through an electrical impluse into the synapses present at the end of the axon.This chemical substance , known as the neurotransmitter,is transferred to the dendrite of another nerve cell and the signals are transmitted .
WHY DO WE FEEL PAIN.-PAIN is a warning signal telling us that there is some danger threatening our health.We feel pain through specific receptors, the sensors, in the skin.These can be also found in the organs and the periosteum.
Our body has two brain system , a fast one and a slow one.If our hand touches a hot object , we withdraws it instinctively without even thinking.This is the fast pain system in action.However the pain that comes latter due to the burning skin or a blister , is transmitted by the slow pain system to the brain.
MEMORY -It is the store of things learned and retained from our activity or experience .Our memory is a collection of knowledge ,experiences,impressions, skills, habits, and many other things.It give us ability to learn and adapt from previous experiences as well as to build relationships.It has a lifelong storage capacity, and no computer of the world can match its performance .Short term memory is the information that we are currently thinking of and it last only few second .Important things, which we have experienced and would not like to forget are transferred from short- term memory to long term memory.
WHAT IS A STROKE- A STROKE is a serious medical condition occurring as a result of an interruption in the supply of oxygen to the brain .The most frequent reason for a stroke is the blockage or busting of a blood vessel in the brain.In both the cases ,the blood circulation and hence the supply of oxygen to the brain is interrupted .The result is damage brain tissue .Stroke patients may lose all information that was stored in the damaged area and have to learn simple things ,like walking, swallowing , or writing .Sometimes ,the brain can build new connections between the brain cells and repair the damage.
SLEEP-OUR body needs sleep to rest and recover .If the sleep is inadequate ,performance of body and brain goes down.One becomes irritable and cannot concentrate..After ,several days of inadequate sleep ,one may start hallucinating.
The duration of sleep needed depends on the person and the age.While most the babies sleep for more than 12 hours a day.,some old people need only 5-6 hours of sleep.
STRUCTURE OF BRAIN
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