OIL AND CHEMICAL SPILLS.-Chemical accidents are caused by human negligence,technical problems, and are committed by the people employed in the chemical factories or in the transportation of chemicals.The example of this ,took place in Bhopal the capital city of MAHDYA PRADESH
in 1984,where poisonous gas leaked from a chemical factory killing 3000,people .
Oil spill takes place in seas ,when oil tankers accidentally
overturned in water.Then it pours out copious amount of oil that flow through the water surface and submerges plants,animals,and water birds causing many of them to die.
ACCIDENTS IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS.-This is most dangerous .In a nuclear power plant ,the Reactor contains radioactive substances that are very dangerous for human beings.So these plants are monitored very carefully .But ,if technical fault go unnoticed there can be uncontrolled chain reaction in the reactor .Thus internal pressure rises enormously within a few minutes and there is an explosion .
Such thing happened in 1986,in Chernobyl,an nuclear power plant in Ukraine .A huge cloud of radioactive substances formed over Europe.The radioactive substance reached the soil through rain .People who cleared up the area ,later died from the effect of radiation.
DESTRUCTION OF FORESTS- FORESTS ARE OUR LIFELINE .They consume the harmful gases like carbon di oxide during photosynthesis m and release oxygen ,which we need for breathing .So cutting of forest drastically cut down our supply of oxygen .Big forest ,like the rain forest are preserving the Earth's climate.They accumulate moisture ,release a part of it into the air and thus control the movement of Air masses.
GREEN HOUSE EFFECT. In a green house the ,air gets heated up because the warm rays of the sun get trapped by the roof and the walls and are not reflected outwards completely
This situation is comparable to the conditions currently prevailing on the Earth.The layer of the atmosphere ,which acts like a glass roof contains green house gases,such as water vapour , carbon- di - oxide,methane,nitrous oxide,and ozone,in appropriate amount to keep the earth warm.But due to irresponsible human activities ,the carbon -di-oxide content has increased by 20% and methane content ,by 90%.As a result more heat is getting trapped and making the Earth warmer than usual .The increased temperature is causing the ice of the polar caps and glacier to melt;this has lead to a rise in sea levels and drastic climate changes all over the world.
PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
WE need to live close to nature because animals,plants,soil and water are all important for our well-being But man
is destroying the gifts of nature with pesticides,garbage and by cutting trees.Time has come that we must protect environment.We should use eco-friendly alternative forms of energy,we should adopt 'ecological - agriculture 'by avoiding food grown with the help of pesticides.We should use a fuel efficient means of transport.All countries must come together to save the climate of the world .The Kyoto Protocol is a major step in this direction.
THE KYOTO PROTOCOL -The Kyoto protocol ia an international agreement aimed at fighting Global warming .The countries that have signed the protocol have committed themselves to reduce the emission of green house gases step by step,and thus prevent air pollution and global warming.The name of the contract comes from the Japanese
city of Kyoto.,where this agreement was signed in 1997.Most
of the countries in the world have signed the protocol ,but many of them have not yet implemented it wholeheartedly
as they fear it would adversely affect their economy.
some of the alternative energy resources are hydro power and wind power, bio gas, and solar energy.These are inexhaustible.They can last for ever. The best thing is that ,they are pollution free.
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