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ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

ELECTRICAL   EFFECTS    result   from  an  imbalance  of  electric charge.There  are    two   types    of   electric  charges, named  positive(carried  by  protons)      and  negative  (carried  by electrons)
If   charges  are  opposites (unlike),  they  attract  one  another,while  like  charges  repel.Forces  of  attraction  and  repulsion(electrostatic  forces) exist  between  any  two  charged  particles.
    
    
Matter  is  normally  uncharged,  but  if  electrons  are  gained, an  object   will  gain   an  overall    negative   charge;if  they  are  removed ,  it  becomes  positive.Objects   with  an  overall   negative   or  positive  charge  are  said  to   have an  imbalance  of  charge,  and  exert  the same  force as   individual   negative  and  positive charades.On  this  large scale , the  forces  will always  act  to  regain  the balance of  charge.This  causes  static  electricity .Lightning  , for  example,  is  produced    by clouds  discharging  a  huge  excess   of  negative  electrons.If  charges   are"free"- in a  wire or  material  that  allows  electrons to  pass  through it- the forces  causes   a flow  of  charge  called. an   electric   current.Some  substances   exhibits   the   strange  phenomenon of magnetism-which also  produces   attractive and  repulsive  forces.Magnetic  substances consists  of    small  regions    called  domains.Normally  UN magnetized  ,  they  can  be  magnetized   by  being  placed  in  a magnetic  field.Magnetism  and  electricity  are  inextricably  linked ,  a  fact put  to  use  in  motors  and  generators.

    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    

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