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SPACE-MERCURY

MERCURY  IS  THE NEAREST  PLANET  to  the  sun ,  orbiting  at  an  average  distance  of  about  58  million  kilometers.because  Mercury  is  the     closest  planet  to  the  Sun  ,it  moves  faster   than  any  other  planet , traveling  at  a  average  speed  of   nearly  48 kilometers   per  second  an  completing  an  orbit    in   just  under   88  days.Mercury  is  very  small   and  rocky .Most  of  the  surface   has  been  heavily    cratered  by  the  impact  of  meteorites ,although  there  are  also  smooth  ,sparsely  cratered  plains .The Ca loris  Basin  is  the   largest  crater , measuring  about 1,500  km  across.It  is  thought  to  have  been    when  a  rock   the  size  of  a  asteroid   hit  the planet ,  and   is  surrounded  by   concentric  rings  of mountains    thrown up  by   the   impact .The  surface  also  has ridges (called  rupes ) that  are  thought  to  have been    formed  when  the  hot  core  of  young  planet  cooled  and   shrank    about   four  billion  years  ago, buckling  the  surface  of  the planet  in  the  process.The  planet  rotates   about  its  axis   very  slowly,  taking  nearly  50   Earth  days   to  complete  one  rotation.As  a   result    Solar  day (sunrise  to   sunrise )  on  Mercury   is  about  176  Earth days -  twice  as  long  as  the  88 day  Mercuric     year.Mercury   has  extreme    surface  temperatures , ranging  from  a  maximum  of 450c on  the  Sunlit  side to  -170c on  the  dark  side .At   nightfall  ,  the  temperature
  drops  very  quickly   because  the  planet's  atmosphere  is  almost  non-existent .It    consists  only   of  minute  amounts  of  helium  and  hydrogen  captured  from  the  solar  wind , plus   traces  of  other  gases.

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