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MODERN ENGINES.

TODAY'S   PETROL ENGINES  WORKS  on  the  same basic principles    as  the  first   car  engines  of  a  century  ago, although  it  has  been  greatly  refined. Modern  engines , often  made  from  special  alloys, are  much lighter    than  earlier  engine .Computerized ignition system  ,fuel injectors  and multi-valve      cylinder  heads  achieve  a  more  efficient  combustion  of the  fuel/air  mixture (the charge) so  that  less   fuel  is  wasted .As    a  result  of  this   greater   efficiency    , the  power  and   performance  of  a  modern  engine   increased  ,  and  the  level  of pollution  in  the exhaust   gases  is  reduced .Exhaust   pollution levels      today    are   also  lowered  by  the  increasing  use  of  special  filter  called   catalytic   converters  ,which    absorb  many   exhaust      pollutants.
Alternative  engines
THE  MOST  COMMON  TYPE  OF  ALTERNATIVE  ENGINE  is  the  diesel  engine, which  instead  of igniting  the compressed  fuel/air  mixture   with a  spark  , uses compression  alone ,heating  the mixture  to  the point  where  it  explodes.A  diesel   engine's  fuel   consumption  is  low   in  comparison  with  similarly  sized  piston  engines,  despite  its  heavier  ,reinforced  moving  parts and cylinder  blocks.Another  type  of  engine  is the  rotary- combustion  developed  by Felix Wankel    in  the  1950's.Its   two  trilateral  (three sided )rotors   revolve  in   housing   shaped   in a  fat  figure-of-eight.The four sequence  of  the  four  stroke  cycle  ,  which  occur  consecutively  in a piston  engine ,occur  simultaneous
in  a  rotary  engine , producing  power  in  a  continuous   stream. 
MODERN  ENGINES

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