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What Are Antibodies? Antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) are specialized proteins that travel thorough the blood stream and are found in bodily fluids. They are utilized by the immune system to identify and defend against foreign intruders to the body. These foreign intruders, or antigens, include any substance or organism that evokes an immune response. Bacteria, viruses, pollen, and incompatible blood cell types are examples of antigens that cause immune responses. Antibodies recognize specific antigens by identifying certain areas on the surface of the antigen known as antigenic determinants. Once the specific antigenic determinant is recognized, the antibody will bind to the determinant. The antigen is tagged as an intruder and labeled for destruction by other immune cells. Antibodies protect against substances prior to cell infection. Antibody Production Antibodies are produced by a type of white bl...

You   need  a  good   sleep  to  save  your   health   and  beauty. A  good  sleep   save  your  body  from  stress  and  gives  your   body  a  relief.So   a   good  sleep  is  must   for  your   body  and  beauty. But   you  fails  to  fall  asleep   ,even  if  you're   lying  on  bed .you  waits   your  brain  to  stop    whirring  only  to  be  rewarded  with   thoughts  of  exiting  projects ,  upcoming  social   events ,things  you  have  said  and imagined   conversations   that  keep  you  awake   for...

Blood is the life giving fluid that delivers oxygen to the cells of the body. It is a specialized type of connective tissue that consists of red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells suspended in a liquid plasma matrix. Did you know that blood accounts for about 8 percent of your body weight or that blood contains small amounts of gold?  While humans have red colored blood, other organisms have blood of varying colors. Crustaceans, spiders, squid, octopuses, and some arthropods have blue blood. Some types of worms and leeches have green blood. Some species of marine worms have violet blood. Insects, including beetles and butterflies, have colorless or pale-yellowish blood. The color of blood is determined by the type of respiratory pigment used to transport oxygen via the circulatory system to cells. The respiratory pigment in humans is a protein called hemoglobin found in red blood cells. Your body contains about a gal...

White blood cells are blood components that protect the body from infectious agents. Also called leukocytes, white blood cells play an important role in the immune system by identifying, destroying, and removing pathogens, damaged cells, cancerous cells, and foreign matter from the body. Leukocytes originate from bone marrow stem cells and circulate in blood and lymph fluid. Leukocytes are able to leave blood vessels to migrate to body tissues. White blood cells are categorized by the apparent presence or absence of granules (sacs containing digestive enzymes or other chemical substances) in their cytoplasm. A white blood cell is considered to be a granulocyte or an agranulocyte. Granulocytes There are three types of granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. As seen under a microscope, the granules in these white blood cells are apparent when stained. Neutrophils ...

The pituitary gland is a small endocrine organ that controls a multitude of important functions in the body. It is divided into an anterior lobe, intermediate zone, and posterior lobe, all of which are involved in either hormone production or hormone secretion.  The pituitary gland is termed the "Master Gland" because it directs other organs and endocrine glands to either suppress or induce hormone production. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Hypothalamus-Pituitary Complex The pituitary gland and hypothalamus are closely connected both structurally and functionally. The hypothalamus is an important brain structure that has both nervous system and endocrine system function. It serves as a link between the two systems translating nervous system messages into endocrine hormon es. The posterior pituitary is composed of axons that extend from the neurons of the hypothalamus. The posterior pituitary also stores hypothalmic...

We   need food  to keep  us alive.What happens  to that food  inside our body? The process from  the moment  the food enter the mouth until  it mixes  into blood stream is called  digestion.Digestion  usually  takes up  to 18 hours.There are about  8 meters  of tubes and chambers inside our body that process  the food eaten by us.It consist of organs that  help in chewing ,swallowing,breakdown and absorption   of food as well as expulsion  from the body of what is left afer  the process.In  the mouth the  tongue and teeth  helps   in  breaking of food  .Then  this  bolus  is transferred  to the stomach after we swallow  it. Gastric juce in  the  stomach  ,is rich  in  hydrocloric  acid  and the protein-spilitting  enzyme  pepsin.Then  food reaches Duodenum ...

A hazmat suit is a piece of personal protective equipment that consists of an impermeable whole-body garment worn as protection against hazardous materials. Such suits are often combined with self-contained breathing apparatus to ensure a supply of breathable air. Hazmat suits are used by  firefighters  ,paramedics  researchers, personnel responding to toxic spills, specialists cleaning up contaminated facilities, and workers in toxic environments. Hazmat suits are barrier formed of plastic, fabric and rubber, along with an independent source of oxygen. They protect workers by separating them from their hazardous environment. Simpler suits can be  (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});   to protect against harmful liquids, but more advanced suits can become completely airtight to defend against airborne contaminants and toxic chemicals. This versatility has meant that hazmat suits can be used by the military, in industry and...