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Cells of the immune system, known as white blood cells, are found in our bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, and in the liver of embryos. When microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses invade the body, non-specific defense mechanisms provide the first line of defense. Innate Immune System The innate immune system is a non-specific response that includes primary deterrents. These deterrents ensure protection against numerous germs and parasitic pathogens (fungi, nematodes, etc.). There are physical deterrents (skin and nasal hairs), chemical deterrents (enzymes found in perspiration and saliva), and inflammatory reactions (initiated by immune cells). These particular mechanisms are named appropriately because their responses are not specific to any particular pathogen. Think of these as a perimeter alarm system in a house. No matter who trips the motion detectors, the alarm will sound. White blood ...

  data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"> What Are Proteins? Proteins are very important molecules in cells. By weight, proteins are collectively the major component of the dry weight of cells. They can be used for a variety of functions from cellular support to cell signaling and cellular locomotion. While proteins have many diverse functions, all are typically constructed from one set of 20 amino acids. Examples of proteins include antibodies, enzymes, and some types of hormones (insulin). Most amino acids have the following structural properties: A carbon (the alpha carbon) bonded to four different groups: A hydrogen atom (H) A Carboxyl group (-COOH) An Amino group (-NH 2 ) A "variable" group Of the 20 amino acids that typically make up proteins, the "variable" group dete...

Organ Systems The human body is made up of several organ systems that work together as one unit. Organ systems fit between the hierarchical levels   of organs and the organism. Ten major organ systems of the body are listed below along with several organs that are associated with each system. It is important to keep in mind that these organ systems don't just exist as individual units. The final product of these cooperating systems is one unit call unit called the body 1. Circulatory System The main function of the circulatory system is to transport nutrients and gasses to cells and tissues throughout body. This is accomplished by the circulation of blood. Two components of this system are the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems. Cardiovascular: This system is comprised of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The beating of the heart drives the cardiac cycle which pumps blood throughout body. Lymphatic: This system is a vascular network of tubul...

  The most important fact to know about an electric eel is that it is not an eel. Although it has an elongated body like an eel, the electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) is actually a type of knifefish.   The electric eel was first described by Linnaeus in 1766 and since then, has been reclassified several times. At present, the electric eel is the only species in its genus. It is only found in muddy, shallow waters surrounding the Amazon and Orinoco rivers in South America.   Electric eels have cylindrical bodies, up to 2 meters (about 8 feet) in length. An adult may weigh 20 kilograms (44 pounds), with males being much smaller than females. They come in a range of colors, including purple, gray, blue, black, or white. The fish lack scales and have poor While the fish live in water and possess gills, they breathe air. An electric eel needs to rise to the surface and inhale about once every ten minutes. Electric eels are so...

Professional facials are decadent and expensive. Why pay for one when you can do them yourself at home? This basic five-step at-home facial can be done once a week and works on all skin types including oily, dry and combination  skin. Step 1: Cleanse the Skin The first step is to cleanse your skin with a cleanser formulated for your skin type (find out what yours is). There's no need to splurge on department store cleansers, a basic drugstore cleanser will work well. Cleanser gets washed down the sink, so I recommend spending your money on moisturizers and products that don't get washed away. To cleanse skin, rinse your face and neck first in lukewarm -- never hot -- water. Then dot the cleanser on your forehead, cheeks, chin and neck. Massage the product into your face and neck in a circular motion for at least a minute, making sure to get around the nose and the chin. Rinse your face and neck with a warm washcloth.  Don't fo...

Onion Sometime refers as World's Oldest Neurosurgeon because this bulb-vegetable has lots of health benefits and qualities to cure many diseases.Onions are highly valued in every form of cuisine imaginable especially for its distinctively pungent smell and taste that helps in bringing out the flavor in foods.  There are many different varieties of onion, red, yellow, white, and green, each with their own unique flavor, from very strong to mildly sweet. Onions can be eaten raw, cooked, fried, dried or roasted. They are commonly used to flavor dips, salads, soups, spreads, stir-fry and other dishes. 1. Onion Reduces High Blood Pressure.   One raw onion daily reduces high blood pressure. Reduces blood clot and make it thin to improve blood circulation. Reducing high blood pressure is one of the top most health benefits of raw onion. Onion Promotes Hair Growth This is one of the most unique and yet overlooked uses for onion j...

style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-6386025966277781" data-ad-slot="5747101498" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"> Ginger is one of the most ancient spices in worldwide cuisine. It has become well-known for its various health benefits, which include its ability to boost bone health, strengthen the immune system, increase your appetite, prevents various types of cancer, improve respiratory conditions, aid digestion, eliminates arthritis symptoms, reduce excess gas, enhance sexual activity, and relieve pains related to menstrual disorders, nausea, and flu.  Some   of  benefits  of  Ginger  are  -  Fresh ginger is used for asthma, coughs, colic, heart palpitations, swellings, dyspepsia, loss of appetite and rheumatism, while the dried root is used to "strengthen" the stomach, inhibit vomiting and treat diarrhea.   Gingerols increase the mo...