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With  new  discoveries  And  advancing technology ,medicine  is constantly  evolving .Developments  in  technical expertise have  resulted  in a succesful  hand transplant, and repair  of  a  congenital   defect  in  a foetus  while  still  in  the womb.Advances  in  tecnology have also been   far reaching.providing  a   glimpse   of  what  might be  achieved  in  the future.The application  of virtual  reality in medicine  has  already  enabled progress  in   both the  teaching   and practice  of  surgery. and may  soon  be   used  in  the treatment  of  eating  disorders  and agoraphobia.Minimally   invasive  and  robot -and  computer-aided surgery  allows  delicate  and complex surgical...

In  a  new  born   baby,the  head accounts   for  one-quarter  of the total   body length ;by  adulthood  , the proportion  has reduced   to  one-eighth.The  contained  the  body's   main   sense  organs.:Eyes,ears,olfactory  nerves,  that  detect  smells,and  the  taste  buds  of the  tongue .Signals    from  from  these  organs  pass in  the  body's  great   coordination  centre ;the  brain .housed  in  the protective, bony  dome  of  the skull.Hair  on  the  head insulates against   heat  loss,and adult  males  also  grow  thick facial  hair.The  face  has three   important  openings.two  nostrils  through   which ...

The   Brain  is  the  Major  Organ  of  the  central  nervous  system and the control  centre  for all the    body's  voluntary   and  in voluntary  activities.It  is  also  responsible   for  the complexities  of thought,memory,emotion,and language.In  adults  ,this  complex  organ  is  a  mere  1.4  kg  in weight.Containing  over 10  thousand  million  nerve cells Three  distinct  regions  can  be  seen -the  brain stem,the cerebellum, and  the large  cerebrum.The  brain stem  controls   the vital  body functions,such as breathing  and digestion.The   cerebellum's  main  functions  are  the maintenance  of  posture, and  the  coordination  of  body...

The  Spine  or vertebral,column has  two  main  functions;it serve  as a  protective  surrounding  for  the delicate  spinal  cord. and form the  supporting   back  bone of the Skeleton .The spine consist  of 24   separate   differently  shaped  bones vertebrae  with  a curved  ,triangular  bone the sacrum at the  bottom.The  sacrum  is made up  of  fused  vertebrae  ; at  the  lower  end   is  a  small  tail  like  structure  made up  of tiny  bones ,collectively  called  the coccyx.Between  each pair  of vertebrae  is a disk  of cartilage  that cushions  the  bones during the movement.The  top  two  vertebrae differ  in  appearance  from  the others  and works  as ...

Nails  are  part  of  our   toes  and fingertips.They  are  made  from hard keratin .Nails  grow  above  the fingertips, and  toes  in the form  of  dead cells,As  these   are dead  cells , their  cutting  does not cause bleeding  or pain. Teeth  help  us  to  speak clearly.They  also  give shape  to  the  face.But the most  important  function  of teeth  is  the chewing  of food.When  a  baby  is about  six months  old  ,20  primary  teeth begin  to  erupt  .These  are called  milk  teeth.Children   lose  their milk  teeth  and  grow  another  at  the   age  of  six years, which  are  replaced   by  permanent  teeth.Most  of  the ...

We  need  energy to  do our  daily works.We  get  this  energy  from  the  food  that  we eat.When  we eat  ,teeth  help  in breaking the food  into pieces  ,and then    in our digestive  system,the  pulp   passes through  the stomach and  intestines.The useful  digested  food passes  through  the  intestine   into  the   blood,to  liver,and the  waste   products  are pushed  out of the body. That useful   digested  food is converted   into  energy   that  help  us in working.All  kinds  of food help  in  giving energy  to  the body.Balanced diet  play a very  important  role in giving  an appropriate amount  of energy   to the body.A   Balanced  diet...

The   Urogenital  system  mainly  related  to two  types  of functions.One  is related  to  the  kidneys that maintain  the  volume and  composition   of  body fluids   within   very  narrow  limits.Second  is related  to   the sex organs that facilitates  reproduction.Kidneys  help  in maintaining   the body's  internal   environment   in  physiological   state.A  healthy  kidney performs  regulation  of  water   in  the body, maintains normal acid  /base equilibrium,eliminates metabolic waste products  and also  maintains  the retention  of  vital  substances.The   is why  the kidney  receives   the  one  quarter  of the  cardiac   output  whic...